Part 1

Part 1

Question 1 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Examine the electromagnetic spectrum below. What can you conclude about x-rays compared to microwaves?

X-rays have the same frequency as microwaves.

X-rays have a lower frequency than microwaves.

X-rays have a longer wavelength than microwaves.

X-rays have a shorter wavelength than microwaves.

Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

In the diagram below, what is the property of the wave indicated by the letter A?

Amplitude

Frequency

Trough

Wavelength

Question 3 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which type of electromagnetic radiation is the primary cause of sunburns?

Radio waves

Ultraviolet rays

Visible waves

Rays

Question 4 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength?

As frequency increases, wavelength increases.

As frequency decreases, wavelength decreases.

As frequency increases, wavelength decreases.

As frequency increases, wavelength is unaffected.

Question 5 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following types of waves has more energy than an x-ray?

Gamma rays

Microwaves

Radio waves

Visible light

Question 6 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following represents the equilibrium of a wave? 

A

B

C

D

Question 7 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is a type of wave that travels at a right angle relative to the direction of motion?

Amplitude

Longitudinal

Propagated

Transverse

Question 8 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

If a star is located 100 light years from Earth, what can you conclude about the light from the star?

The light will take 100 years to reach Earth.

The light will take 100 seconds to reach Earth.

The light will take 300,000 years to reach Earth.

The light will travel a total of 300,000 kilometers to reach Earth.

Question 9 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?

Radio waves

Ultraviolet waves

Visible light

X-rays

Question 10 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Examine the diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum below. If a wave has a wavelength of 1 kilometer, it must be a(n)

gamma ray

Microwave

radio wave

ray

Question 11 (Essay Worth 5 points)

In your own words, explain why longitudinal waves cannot travel in space.

  

Question 12 (Essay Worth 5 points)

Suppose you are an astronomer, and a child asks you to explain the light given off by stars. In your own words, describe the relationship between the energy, frequency, and wavelength. Be sure to include information about the electromagnetic spectrum in your discussion.

  

Part 2

Question 1 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Given the following blackbody curve graph, what color will Star A be?

Blue

Red

White

Yellow

Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following processes begins when a star enters the main sequence?

Nuclear fission

Nuclear fusion

Condensation of a nebula

Appearance of a supernova

Question 3 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Use the HR diagram below to answer the question. Which of the following types of stars had a greater initial mass?

Blue main sequence

Orange main sequence

Supernova

White dwarf

Question 4 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is a massive star that has reached the end of its stellar evolution?

Neutron star

Red giant

Stellar nebula

White dwarf

Question 5 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is the most likely end for a star that formed from a very small nebular cloud?

Black hole

Planetary nebula

Red supergiant

Supernova

Question 6 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following characteristics of stars is affected by a star’s temperature?

Brightness

Color

Distance from Earth

Size

Question 7 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following classifications of star temperature is coolest?

O

M

G

A

Question 8 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is an advantage of using parallax rather than the Doppler effect to determine star distance?

Parallax is easier to use than Doppler shift.

Parallax is more accurate for stars that are very far away.

The Doppler effect can be used only for sounds in space.

Doppler shift indicates only a change in location, not actual distance.

Question 9 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Use the HR diagram below to answer the question.  Which of the following star types is the brightest?

Red main sequence

Red supergiant

White dwarf

Yellow main sequence

Question 10 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

An astronomer sees two stars in the sky. Both stars are equally far from Earth, but the first star is brighter than the second star. Which of the following is a valid conclusion about the first star?

It is larger than the second star.

It is smaller than the second star.

It is older than the second star.

It is younger than the second star.

Question 11 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

A star is observed moving away from Earth. What can you conclude about the spectrum of that star?

The spectrum will shift to the blue.

The spectrum will shift to the red.

The spectrum will not change.

The spectrum will shift first to the blue, and then to the red.

Question 12 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Given the following images, choose the one that most likely represents a B-class star. 

A

B

C

D

Question 13 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following types of stars started out on the main sequence with the largest initial mass? 

A

B

C

D

Question 14 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is used to calculate the distance to a star based on subtle shifts in the star’s position relative to an observer on Earth?

Absolute magnitude

Doppler shift

Emissions

Parallax

Question 15 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following types of stars is the coolest? 

A

B

C

D