his word document has some helpful hints to complete the following lab. As you are completing the lab you will have three tables you will need to save/print to submit.
Unit 5 Assignment
At least 5 pages or more
MN551: Develop cooperative relationships with clients when teaching concepts concerning pathological states to individuals and families
Select one of the case studies below, and include discussion of your strategy for winning the patients cooperation while teaching concepts concerning pathological states to them and their families.
Requirements
Make sure all of the topics in the case study have been addressed.
Cite at least three sources; journal articles, textbooks or evidenced-based websites to support the content.
All sources must be within five years.
Do not use .com, Wikipedia, or up-to-date, etc., for your sources.
Case Study 1
Concepts of Altered Health in Older Adults
Joseph P. is an 82-year-old male living at home. He is in overall good health and enjoys taking long walks as often as possible. During his walks, he likes to stop for a cold glass of fruit juice at the local cafeteria. On cold or rainy days, he rides a stationary bicycle at home for 30 minutes to “stay in good shape.”
What physiological factors would typically increase Joseph’s risk of falling while walking outdoors?
What are the common changes in blood pressure regulation that occurs with aging?
Joseph enjoys fruit juice when he walks. Considering the renal system in the older adult, why would dehydration be a particular concern?
Case Study 2
Structure and Function of the Kidney
Rivka is an active 21-year-old who decided to take a day off from her university classes. The weather was hot and the sun bright, so she decided to go down to the beach. When she arrived, she found a few people playing beach volleyball, and they asked if she wanted to join in. She put down her school bag and began to play. The others were well prepared for their day out and stopped throughout the game to have their power drinks and soda pop. Several hours after they began to play, however, Rivka was not feeling so good. She stopped sweating and was feeling dizzy. One player noted she had not taken a washroom break at all during the day. They found a shaded area for her, and one of the players shared his power drink with her. Rivka was thirstier than she realized and quickly finished the drink.
In pronounced dehydration, hypotension can occur. How would this affect the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney? What actions by the juxtaglomerular apparatus would occur to restore GFR?
What is the effect aldosterone has on the distal convoluted tubule? Why would the actions of aldosterone be useful to Rivka in her situation?
What does a specific gravity test measure? If someone tested the specific gravity of Rivka’s urine, what might it indicate?
Case Study 3
Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Amanda is an 18-year-old with anorexia nervosa. She was recently admitted to an eating disorders clinic with a BMI of 13.9, and although she was a voluntary patient, she was reluctant about the treatment. She was convinced she was overweight because her clothes felt tight on her. She complained that even her hands and feet “were fat.” One of her nurses explained that a protein in her blood was low. The nurse further explained that, as difficult as it may be to believe, eating a normal healthy diet would make the “fat hands and feet” go away.
What protein do you suspect the nurse was referring to? How would a deficiency in this protein contribute to edema?
What is the difference between the physiology of pitting and nonpitting edema?
Because of her weakened condition, Amanda was moved around the ward in a wheelchair when she was not on bed rest. How does this affect her edematous tissues?
Case Study 4
Disorders of Acid–Base Balance
Shauna is a healthy, fit 28-year-old who decided to go on a 2-week tour of Mexico for young singles. One hot afternoon in a small market community, she grabbed some fruit juice from a street vendor. Several hours later, she developed abdominal cramping and diarrhea. The diarrhea became so severe that she missed 3 days of the tour and stayed in her hotel room. By the end of her illness, she felt weak and tired. Her head ached, but the mild fever had disappeared, and she was able to join her new friends for the rest of the tour.
What is the acid–base imbalance Shauna might have experienced and its etiology?
What are the functions and importance of the bicarbonate buffer system in the body?
Case Study 5
Disorders of Renal Function
Fred, a fit and healthy 44-year-old, was working outside one warm summer afternoon. When he returned home by the end of the day, his lower back felt sore and he felt nauseated. His wife made him dinner, but he was not hungry and chose to go to bed instead. Fred’s symptoms progressed, and soon he was rolling on the bed with excruciating pain. He said his back hurt as well as his stomach and groin area. The pain would ease off only to return a short while later, and when it did, Fred would begin to sweat and run to the bathroom to vomit. His wife became concerned and started the car. When his symptoms abated, she helped him into the car and rushed him to the hospital.
At the hospital, an abdominal radiograph showed the presence of renal calculi in Fred’s right ureter (urolithiasis). What is the mechanism of stone formation in the kidney? What is the role of citrate in the kidneys?
Why would the administration of calcium supplements be useful for a patient with calcium oxalate stones?
Hydronephrosis can be a complication of renal calculi. What is hydronephrosis? How does back pressure occur in a kidney, and what physiological mechanism is responsible for nephron damage when back pressure is present?
Case Study 6
Acute Renal Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
Will is a 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension. Eight months ago, he started regular dialysis therapy for ESRD. Before that, his physician was closely monitoring his condition because he had polyuria and nocturia. Soon it became difficult to manage his hypertension. He also lost his appetite, became weak, easily fatigued, and had edema around his ankles. Will debated with his physician about starting dialysis, but she insisted, before the signs and symptoms of uremia increased, the treatment was absolutely necessary.
What is the difference between azotemia and uremia?
Two years ago, Will’s physician told him to decrease his protein intake. In spite of what the physician ordered, Will could not stop having chicken, beef, pork, or eggs at least once a day. Why did his physician warn him about his diet?
Will’s feelings of weakness and fatigue are symptoms of anemia. Why is he anemic?
Knowing what you do about Will’s history, why is left ventricular dysfunction a concern for his physician?
Case Study 7
Disorders of the Bladder and Lower Urinary Tract
Alvita is a frail 89-year-old woman residing in a nursing home. She is able to move slowly around the residence with the use of a walker, but appreciates when her daughter is there to hold her arm and walk alongside her. When one of the health care staff changes Alvita, her daughter helps. Alvita’s incontinence has progressed, particularly over the last six years since she has resided in the nursing home. Alvita can smile at her lack of bladder control, however, and says that her incontinence really began when she was a young woman, just after the birth of her second daughter.
Alvita’s mobility is limited. How does this affect continence in the elderly?
Shortly after the birth of her second daughter, Alvita experienced mild incontinence, particularly after laughing or coughing. What was she experiencing? What is the pathophysiology behind this type of incontinence?
Assignment Requirements:
Before finalizing your work, you should:
· be sure to read the Assignment description carefully (as displayed above);
· consult the Grading Rubric (under the Course Home) to make sure you have included everything necessary; and
· utilize spelling and grammar check to minimize errors.
· Your writing Assignment should:
· follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.);
· be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful;
· display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics; and
· use APA 6th Edition format as outlined in the APA Progression Ladder.
Unit 5 Assignment Instructions
To see your assignment instructions and grading rubric, go to Course Home / Grading Rubrics.
Assignment Requirements:
Before finalizing your work, you should:
be sure to read the Assignment description carefully (as displayed above);
consult the Grading Rubric (under the Course Home) to make sure you have included everything necessary; and
utilize spelling and grammar check to minimize errors.
Your writing Assignment should:
follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.);
be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful;
display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics; and
use APA 6th Edition format as outlined in the APA Progression Ladder.
question 2
200-250 words, reference, original work
2. While Dick and Jane were backpacking on a trail in Yellowstone Park, they encountered a grizzly bear cub that seemed amazingly tame. However, while Dick tried to feed the cub, its mother appeared and attacked him. Jane escaped by climbing a tree, but Dick received several deep lacerations (cuts) and lost a lot of blood over the next several
hours. Jane helped him reach medical aid, and he survived. Which of the following mechanisms was (were) activated to help keep Dick alive? Explain your choice.
(1) baroreceptor mechanism
(2) CNS ischemic response
(3) renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism
(4) fluid shift mechanism
(5) antidiuretic hormone mechanism
(6) adrenal medullary response
a. 1,2,3,4,5,6
b. 1,3,4,5,6
c. 1,6
d. 1,4,6
e. 1
BIOL 320 Final Exam
The written take home final examination represents the final assessment for this class. You will have 48 hours from the time that this exam is made available to complete and submit your time final exam. Failure to submit the timed final exam document within the time period will result in your exam not being accepted. Use of your, notes, or other resources is strongly discouraged.
1) List and briefly explain the four steps in the scientific method.
2) Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
A
)
experiment, observation, hypothesis, conclusion
B
)
observation, experiment, hypothesis, conclusion
C
)
hypothesis, experiment, observation, conclusion
D
)
observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion
Answer:
3) The two most important organelles in forensic DNA analysis are the _________________ and __________________________.
4) The DNA laboratory genotypes three suspects DNA extracted from blood, and DNA extracted from hair roots found at the scene. When the technician draws a conclusion based on the genotyping results, the forensic term for this test or process is called _____________.
5) An experiment is designed to test an hypothesis.
A
)
True
B
)
False
Answer:
6) Due to television shows jurors are expecting to see perfect fingerprints and analyzable DNA on guns and other evidence. The absence of which has led jurors to exonerate otherwise guilty suspects. This is known as the ____ effect.
7) ___________________ is only inherited through the maternal lineage.
8) ______________________ is only inherited through the paternal lineage.
9) ________________________ is inherited through paternal and maternal lineages.
10) A mother is claiming that the only brother of her best friend is the father of her child. The brother is serving at a remote location in the easternmost reaches of Turkey. At the behest of his sister, the brother voluntarily provides DNA for a paternity test. Which of the following are the possible results and conclusions of the tests?
A
)
Since one-half of the alleles from the brother and child matched, then it is highly likely that the father is the brother.
B
)
Since none of the alleles from the brother matched, then it is highly unlikely that the father is the brother.
C
)
Since one-half the alleles did not match, it cannot be ruled out that the father is the brother.
D
)
Since only a few alleles match those of the child, it can be ruled out that the best friend is not the father.
11)
Answer:
11) How many permanent teeth are typically found in a human mouth?
A
)
18
B
)
32
C
)
30
D
)
36
Answer:
12) Measurements made on this bone, provide an accurate method of estimating the stature from skeletal remains
A
)
humerus
B
)
femur
C
)
tibia
D
)
fubula
Answer:
13) Given that the offspring of human parents has the dominant phenotype freckles and cleft chin, the parents gametes could be…
A
)
homozygous dominant for both genes in father; heterozygous dominant for both genes in mother.
B
)
heterozygous dominant for both genes in father and mother
C
)
homozygous dominant for both genes in father, homozygous recessive genes in mother
D
)
homozyogous recessive in Freckle gene and homozygous dominant in cleft gene in mother and father.
Answer
Answer:
14) In a Punnett square, the letters that line the outside of the box represent…
A
)
offspring genotypes
B
)
parental genotypes
C
)
gametes
D
)
offspring phenotypes
Answer:
15) If all thousand offspring of a cross have the genotype Aa, the parents of the cross are most likely…
A
)
AA x aa
B
)
Aa x Aa
C
)
Aa x aa
D
)
AA x Aa
Answer:
16) If the first child of a couple was without dimples, an recessive trait, what is the chance that the second child will be born without dimples?
A) 100%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) Cannot be determined from the phenotype of the child
Answer:
17) If a gamete with genotype Aa fertilized another gamete with genotype aa, the offspring genotype could be…
A
)
AA
B
)
Aa
C
)
aA
D
)
aa
Answer:
18) What is the phenotype ratio for a cross between Aa and Aa
A
)
1:2:1
B
)
1:3
C
)
1:1
D
)
3:1
Answer:
19) What is the genotype ratio of a Aa x Aa cross?
A
)
3:1
B
)
1:2:1
C
)
2:1:1
D
)
1:1:2
Answer:
20) Which of the following parts of a human cell contain information useful to a forensic investigator?
A
)
Nucleus
B
)
Golgi body
C
)
Mitochondria
D
)
Cell membrane
E
)
Nuclear membrane
Answer:
21) In a population of 100 individuals, the genotype frequency of allele 17.1 is .25, then ____ individuals have this allele.
22) DNA is a(n)
A
)
lipid
B
)
protein
C
)
carbohydrate
D
)
polymer
Answer:
23) Which of the following base pairs is incorrect?
A
)
G-C
B
)
C-A
C
)
A-T
D
)
T-A
Answer:
24) PCR is a technique that…
A
)
molecularly xeroxes DNA.
B
)
requires primers and enzymes to amplify DNA.
C
)
can amplify many different DNA sequences all at the same time.
D
)
is described by all of the above answers.
Answer:
25) Given the following DNA sequence: 5′-CAGTCA-3′, the complementary strand is_________
26) Which of the following is a use of forensic entomology?
A
)
Obtaining human DNA from the victim’s flesh digested by the insect.
B
)
Determining the cause of death.
C
)
Calculating the PMI.
D
)
Determining the quantity of ingested toxins and drugs from the analysis of insect body parts.
Answer:
27: Which of the following insects are most likely found during the first stages of decomposition?
A
)
Blow Flies
B
)
Dermestid beetles
C
)
Coffin Fly
D
)
Wasps
Answer:
28) The technical term for an insect laying eggs is _______ and the technical term for an insect laying larva is _______.
29) A reddish fluid is found on a floor of a suspect’s house. As a CSI, you desire to make a preliminary determination of the substance. You will likely perform a ____________ test for __________.
30) The element _____ is found in hemoglobin and it is what is detected in several ___________ blood tests
31) Briefly describe the three steps used in PCR?
32) Which of the following is not a characteristic of rigor mortis?
A
)
Upon death, the loss of calcium transport in muscle cells, muscle cells continually contract.
B
)
Rigor Mortis first starts with small muscles in the face and these muscles are the last to relax after several days.
C
)
The rate of rigor mortis is independent upon the victim’s activity and the victim’s age.
D
)
Rigor mortis in and of itself cannot always be a reliable predictor of time since death.
Answer:
33) Which of the following bones are not used for sex estimation in adults:
A
)
pelvis
B
)
tibia
C
)
femur
D
)
cranium
Answer:
34) Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
A
)
oviposits: egg layer
B
)
instars: growth stage
C
)
larvaposit: pupae layer
D
)
nymph: wingless version of an adult insect
Answer:
35) Hemoglobin contains a _____________ group that binds oxygen.
36) True/False: DNA is single stranded and RNA is double stranded.
37) ________________ cells contain a nucleus.
38) Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes.
39) The expression of a gene is called the gene’s ____________________.
40) A validation procedure must be ___________________, ___________________, and ____________________.
41) The peroxidase activity of heme groups catalyzes the oxidation of ___________________ to ____________________ in the Kastle-Myer presumptive test for blood.
42) A person who has no sperm cells would be classified as being ____________________.
43) The odor in feces is caused by the decomposition products ____________ and _________________.
44) Most animals have three major pairs of salivary glands that differ in the type of secretion they produce called the __________________, _______________________, and ____________________ glands.
45) True/False: Amy2 is the “Salivary Locus” responsible for amylase detected in saliva, sweat, nasal secretions, breast milk and Amy1 is the “Pancreatic Locus” – responsible for amylase detected in semen, blood, urine, feces, and vaginal fluid
46) True/False: Beta Amylase is the type of amylase that is found in plants.
47) True/False: Fingerprints are developed during the early stages of fetal development
48) _______________ fingerprints are composed of the sweat and oils of the body that are transferred from the ridge pattern to some substrate where they persist for some time until found by one of numerous visualizing techniques.
49) The types of manners of death are __________________, ___________________, ___________________, and _____________________.
51) _________________ is the stiffening of the body after death due to the membranes of muscle cells becoming more permeable to calcium ions.
52) Save file with your name in the file extension.
1. In the view of Robert Bellah, a quasi-religious loyalty that binds individuals in a basically secular society may be thought of as
A. popular religion.
B. civil religion.
C. conservative religiosity. D. sham religiosity.
2. Which four factors were responsible for the creation of economy as a separate social institution? A. Industrial technology, specialized work, permanent settlements, and stratification
B. Agricultural technology, specialized work, permanent settlements, and stratification
C. Industrial technology, specialized work, permanent settlements, and trade
D. Agricultural technology, specialized work, permanent settlements, and trade
3. Which of the following is a principle of the holistic approach to medicine?
A. Treat patients as people.
B. Emphasize the importance of medication to treat illnesses.
C. Adopt the spirit of euthanasia in the treatment of terminal disease.
D. Encourage patient responsibility for self-diagnosis.
4. Regarding problems in American schools, which of the following statements is true? A. Most observers feel that schools are effective in promoting discipline.
B. In most cases, the conditions within schools encourage violence.
C. The bureaucratic structure of schools promotes student passivity.
D. The passivity common in secondary schools isn’t found in college classrooms.
5. The pluralist model of the distribution of power is linked most closely to the _______ perspective. A. sociobiological
B. structural-functional
C. symbolic-interaction
D. conflict
6. Regarding eating disorders and obesity, which of the following statements is true?
A. Most who suffer from anorexia nervosa are from working-class families. B. Obesity is increasing even though meals are getting smaller.
C. Obesity is the most serious of the eating-related disorders.
D. About 60 percent of white women are afflicted with an eating disorder.
7. Which of the following is true in the United States? A. Interlocking directorates are illegal.
B. Oligopolies are legal.
C. Monopolies are legal.
D. Conglomerates are considered unethical.
8. In the view of Max Weber, the routinization of _______ often leads to institutionalization that combines bureaucracy and _______.
A. traditional authority; rationalization B. traditional authority; coercion
C. charisma; coercion
D. charisma; tradition
9. The structural-functional, macro-level approach specifies _______ as a function of the family. A. ethnic solidarity
B. material and emotional security
C. socializing
D. property inheritance
10. Regarding types of religious organizations, which of the following statements is true? A. The Amish community is among America’s most populous cults.
B. A formal church is always aligned with the state.
C. Denominations reject religious pluralism.
D. Christianity began as a cult.
11. In the structural-functional perspective, which of the following would be considered a latent function of education?
A. Child care
B. Social integration C. Social placement D. Cultural innovation
12. For Emile Durkheim, distinguishing the _______ from the _______ is the essence of religious belief.
A. sacred; profane
B. spiritual; physical
C. true; false
D. parent; child
13. Which of the following statements is a characteristic particular to the postindustrial economy? A. Mechanical skills are replaced by literacy skills.
B. Manufacturing and mass production proliferate.
C. New sources of energy are exploited.
D. Specialization characterizes the division of labor.
14. Taking a global and historical perspective, it turns out that the most frequently observed form of marriage is
A. endogamy. B. exogamy. C. monogamy. D. polygyny.
15. John Dewey, an American philosopher of education, argued in favor of what he called progressive education. How does Dewey define progressive education?
A. Students’ progress should be evaluated through periodic testing.
B. Schooling should teach students to think independently and question authority. C. Schooling should be practical and relevant to students’ lives.
D. Students should progress from grade to grade based on scholastic achievement.
16. In his critique of American education, James Coleman referred to the importance of families who read to their children, value learning, and encourage imagination. What did Coleman call these valuable characteristics of family life?
A. Family infrastructure
B. Intellectual infrastructure C. Cultural capital
D. Social capital
17. Studies have determined that higher levels of religiosity are correlated with A. faith in science.
B. moderate levels of patriarchy.
C. low rates of delinquency.
D. high rates of divorce.
18. In the United States, declining worker membership in unions mainly reflects A. the decline of wage labor.
B. a shrinking industrial sector.
C. a shift to primary-sector production.
D. the decline of service-sector employment.
19. Which of the following statements is most consistent with sociological findings? A. The vast majority of divorced fathers faithfully fulfill their child-support obligations.
B. In today’s economy, women are increasingly dependent on their husband’s income.
C. Individualism is generally associated with family violence. D. Divorce is most common during the early years of marriage.
20. The Thomas theorem stems from the __________ perspective. A. structural-functional
B. sociobiological
C. symbolic-interaction
D. (conflict)
The standard deviation of the diameter at breast height, or DBH, of the slash pine tree is less than one inch. Identify the Type I error. (Points : 1)
This quiz consists of 20 questions most appear to be similar but now really. I ned someone who is familiar with bio-statistics and math. The due date is tomorrow 4 pm PST. or (16:00). Please if you accept handshake you must do the work not get from previous papers or tell me you had emergency an hour before its due. This is important to me.
attached is the file just in case you need it in word format. Thank you in advance.
1. The standard deviation of the diameter at breast height, or DBH, of the slash pine tree is less than one inch. Identify the Type I error. (Points : 1)
[removed] Fail to support the claim σ < 1 when σ < 1 is true.
[removed] Support the claim μ < 1 when μ = 1 is true.
[removed] Support the claim σ < 1 when σ = 1 is true.
[removed] Fail to support the claim μ < 1 when μ < 1 is true.
1a. The EPA claims that fluoride in children's drinking water should be at a mean level of less than 1.2 ppm, or parts per million, to reduce the number of dental cavities. Identify the Type I error. (Points : 1)
[removed] Fail to support the claim σ < 1.2 when σ < 1.2 is true.
[removed] Support the claim μ < 1.2 when μ = 1.2 is true.
[removed] Support the claim σ < 1.2 when σ = 1.2 is true.
[removed] Fail to support the claim μ < 1.2 when μ < 1.2 is true.
2. Biologists are investigating if their efforts to prevent erosion on the bank of a stream have been statistically significant. For this stream, a narrow channel width is a good indicator that erosion is not occurring. Test the claim that the mean width of ten locations within the stream is greater than 3.7 meters. Assume that a simple random sample has been taken, the population standard deviation is not known, and the population is normally distributed. Use the following sample data:
3.3 3.3 3.5 4.9 3.5 4.1 4.1 5 7.3 6.2
What is the P-value associated with your test statistic? Report your answer with three decimals, e.g., .987 (Points : 1)
2a. Medical researchers studying two therapies for treating patients infected with Hepatitis C found the following data. Assume a .05 significance level for testing the claim that the proportions are not equal. Also, assume the two simple random samples are independent and that the conditions np ≥ 5 and nq ≥ 5 are satisfied.
Therapy 1
Therapy 2
Number of patients
39
47
Eliminated Hepatitis
20
13
C infection
Construct a 95% confidence interval estimate of the odds ratio of the odds for having Hepatitis C after Therapy 1 to the odds for having Hepatitis C after Therapy 2. Give your answer with two decimals, e.g., (12.34,56.78) (Points : 0.5)
[removed]
3. Researchers studying sleep loss followed the length of sleep, in hours, of 10 individuals with insomnia before and after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Assume a .05 significance level to test the claim that there is a difference between the length of sleep of individuals before and after CBT. Also, assume the data consist of matched pairs, the samples are simple random samples, and the pairs of values are from a population having a distribution that is approximately normal.
Individual
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Before
6
5
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
2
CBT
After
8
8
7
6
7
6
6
5
7
5
CBT
Construct a 95% confidence interval estimate of the mean difference between the lengths of sleep. Give your answer with two decimals, e.g., (12.34,56.78) (Points : 0.5)
[removed]
3a. Scientists, researching large woody debris (LWD), surveyed the number of LWD pieces from aerial photos taken annually for the past 35 years at two different sites. Over the 35 years of photos examined, the first site had a mean number of LWD pieces per hectare per year (LWD/ha/yr) of 3.7 pieces with a standard deviation of 1.9. The second site had a mean number of LWD/ha/yr of 4.3 with a standard deviation of 2.4. Assume a .05 significance level for testing the claim that the mean LWD/ha at the first site had less than the mean LWD/ha/yr at the second site. Also, assume the two samples are independent simple random samples selected from normally distributed populations, but do not assume that the population standard deviations are equal.
Construct a 90% confidence interval for the difference between the two means. Give your answer with two decimals, e.g., (12.34,56.78) (Points : 0.5)
4. The paired data consist of the cost of regionally advertising (in thousands of dollars) a certain pharmaceutical drug and the number of new prescriptions written (in thousands).
Cost
9
2
3
4
2
5
9
10
Number
85
52
55
68
67
86
83
73
Find the value of the linear correlation coefficient r. Give your answer to three decimals, e.g., .987. (Points : 0.5)
4a. The paired data consist of the cost of regionally advertising (in thousands of dollars) a certain pharmaceutical drug and the number of new prescriptions written (in thousands).
Cost
9
2
3
4
2
5
9
10
Number
85
52
55
68
67
86
83
73
Find the predicted value of the number of new prescriptions written if $6000 is spent in regional advertising. Give your answer as an integer. (Points : 0.5)
[removed]
5. Use a .05 significance level and the observed frequencies of 70 Neonatal deaths to test the claim that number of neonatal deaths on each day of the week is equally likely.
Mon
Tues
Wed
Thurs
Fri
Sat
Sun
10
9
5
8
15
12
11
Determine the value of the χ2 test statistic. Give your answer to two decimals, e.g., 12.34 (Points : 0.5)
5a. Use a .05 significance level and the observed frequencies of 144 drowning at the beaches of a randomly selected coastal state to test the claim that the number of drowning for each month is equally likely.
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
June
July
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
1
3
2
7
14
20
37
33
16
6
2
3
Determine the value of the χ2 test statistic. Give your answer to two decimals, e.g., 12.34 . (Points : 0.5)
[removed]
6. Using a .01 significance level, test the claim that the proportions of fear/do not fear responses are the same for male and female dental patients.
Gender
Male
Female
Fear Dentistry
48
70
Do Not Fear Dentistry
21
32
Do you reject the null hypothesis, at the .01 significance level? Enter Y for yes (reject), N for no (fail to reject). (Points : 0.5)
6a. Using a .01 significance level, test the claim that the proportions of fear/do not fear responses are the same for male and female dental patients.
Gender
Male
Female
Fear Dentistry
48
70
Do Not Fear Dentistry
21
32
Determine the value of the χ2 test statistic. Give your answer to three decimals, e.g., 12.345 . (Points : 0.5)
[removed]
7. The table represents results from an experiment with patients afflicted in both eyes with glaucoma. Each patient was treated in one eye with laser surgery and in the other eye was treated with eye drops. Using a .05 significance level, apply McNemar's test to test the following claim: The proportion of patients with no improvement on the laser treated eye and an improvement on the drops treated eye is the same as the proportion of patients with an improvement on the laser treated eye and no improvement on the drops treated eye.
Eye Drop Treatment
Improvement
No Improvement
Laser Surgery
Improvement
15
10
Treatment
No Improvement
50
25
Determine the value of the χ2 test statistic. Give your answer to two decimals, e.g., 12.34 . (Points : 0.5)
7a. The table represents results from an experiment with patients afflicted with eczema on both arms. Each patient was treated with an immune modulator cream on one arm and a topical steroid cream on the other arm. Using a .05 significance level, apply McNemar's test to test the following claim: The proportion of patients with no cure on the immune modulator treated arm and a cure on the topical steroid treated arm is the same as the proportion of patients with a cure on the immune modulator treated arm and no cure on the topical steroid treated arm.
Immune Modulator Cream
Cure
No Cure
Topical Steroid
Cure
25
11
Cream
No Cure
42
22
Do you reject the null hypothesis, at the .05 significance level? Enter Y for yes (reject), N for no (fail to reject). (Points : 0.5)
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8.For a study on Type 1 diabetes, medical graduate students subdivided the United States into four study regions (Northeast, Southeast, Southwest, and Northwest). The students randomly selected seven patients per region and recorded the number of times during a randomly selected month that each patient used insulin shots to regulate blood sugar levels. Use One-Way ANOVA at a .05 significance level to test the claim that the means from the different regions are not the same.
Mean number of times patients used insulin shots to regulate blood sugar levels
Northeast
Southeast
Southwest
Northwest
4
6
4
4
3
5
5
4
3
6
6
5
4
8
6
6
3
6
7
3
2
6
5
5
5
8
4
3
Do you reject the null hypothesis, at the .05 significance level? Enter Y for yes (reject), N for no (fail to reject). (Points : 0.5
8a. Geneticists studying carriers of genetic diseases followed subjects subdivided by race. Researchers randomly selected seven patients per race who had been identified as carrying a certain gene for a genetic disease; these patients were followed to determine the number of their siblings who also carried the gene for the genetic disease. Use a One-Way ANOVA at a .05 significance level to test the claim that the means from the different races are not all the same.
Caucasian
African-American
Other
2
0
0
3
0
1
3
1
2
3
2
2
4
2
2
5
2
3
5
4
4
Determine the value of the F test statistic. Give your answer to two decimals, e.g., 12.34 . (Points : 0.5)
[removed]
9. The reason we cannot use multiple t-tests to claim that four populations have the same mean is that we increase the likelihood of a type I error. (Points : 1)
[removed] True
[removed] False
9a.
If there is only one observation per cell in a Two-Way ANOVA, and it can be assumed there is not an interaction between factors, then we can proceed to interpret the results of the row and column effects. (Points : 1)
[removed] True
[removed] False
10.Use the following technology display from a Two-Way ANOVA to answer this question. Biologists studying habitat use in Lepidopteran moths measured the number of savannah moths found at three randomly selected prairie sites with two potential habitat interferences (expansion of row crops and grazing). Use a .05 significance level.
Source
Df
SS
MS
F
P
Site
2
.1905
.0952
.0381
.9627
Habitat
1
304.0238
304.0238
121.6095
.0000
Site*Habitat
2
.1905
.0952
.0381
.9627
What is the value of the F test statistic for the site effect? (Points : 0.5)
10a. Use the following technology display from a Two-Way ANOVA to answer this question. Biologists studying habitat use in Lepidopteran moths measured the number of savannah moths found at three randomly selected prairie sites with two potential habitat interferences (expansion of row crops and grazing). Use a .05 significance level.
Source
Df
SS
MS
F
P
Site
2
.1905
.0952
.0381
.9627
Habitat
1
304.0238
304.0238
121.6095
.0000
Site*Habitat
2
.1905
.0952
.0381
.9627
Do you reject the null hypothesis about the site effect, at the .05 significance level? Enter Y for yes (reject), N for no (fail to reject). (Points : 0.5)
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