Module 06 Discussion: Infections, Vaccinations, Antimicrobials, and Emerging Infections

Discuss:

What are the potential consequences of being a healthcare worker who is unresponsive to the hepatitis B vaccine?
For an HIV vaccine to be effective, it almost certainly will have to be a live attenuated virus. What is a major concern related to the use of this type of vaccine for HIV?
If an individual is immunocompromised, what might be the risk of giving a live attenuated virus vaccine (e.g., rubella)?
New and more effective antimicrobials are developed every year. Many of these are effective in treating common ailments such as bronchitis and sinusitis, as well as more serious systemic infections. What are some potential consequences of the development of new antimicrobials?
Why do you think that the United States and other nations have not yet distributed a vaccine to prevent the spread of avian flu? Are there any other factors you can think of that have contributed to this rise?
Module 07 Part 2 Discussion: Cancer Manifestations and Treatment
Discuss:

Many early cancers often are not associated with any pain and often few, if any, clinical symptoms. Discuss why this might be so.
Pain is often the most intense and difficult symptom associated with cancer; however, aggressive treatment of pain in the last days of a patient with cancer may depress breathing and hasten death. How do you think pain should be managed in terminal patients with painful cancer-related conditions?
A patient being treated for cancer usually develops leukopenia and an increased risk for cancer. What are the pros and cons of keeping cancer patients in the hospital during aggressive chemotherapy treatment?
Hair loss as a result of cancer chemotherapy is often a traumatic event for patients. Explain when and why hair falls out.

1. Employed mothers who value their parenting role
A. tend to experience more fatigue, distress, and low energy in both roles.
B. still have less-well-adjusted children than stay-at-home mothers.
C. are more likely to use authoritative child rearing and coregulation.
D. generally favor a permissive style of parenting.
2. About _______ percent of adolescents are physically or sexually abused by dating partners.
A. 5 to 8
B. 90 to 95
C. 50 to 70
D. 10 to 20
3. Discussions that focus on recognition and mastery issues are typical of
A. girls.
B. teenagers.
C. young adults.
D. boys.
4. Kareem is a high risk taker, engages in unprotected sex, and claims that he will “do anything on a dare.” Kareem is most likely a member of which of the following groups?
A. Partyers
B. Normals
C. Jocks
D. Nonconformists
5. According to the large field experiment involving more than 6,000 kindergartners, what is the optimal class size?
A. 3 to 4 students
B. 13 to 17 students
C. 45 to 50 students
D. 21 to 24 students
6. An increasing number of studies show that playing violent video games
A. fosters selective attention and spatial abilities.
B. is like watching violent television and increases hostility and aggression.
C. is less harmful to children than watching violent television.
D. teaches children about the negative consequences of hostility and aggression.
7. If Evita has a history of drug use, delinquency, and aggression in peer relationships, the likelihood that she will
A. engage in risky sexual behavior decreases.
B. experience dating violence increases.
C. engage in unhealthy weight control tactics decreases.
D. experience a satisfying, long-term relationship increases.
8. In nonaggressive children, violent television
A. sparks hostile thoughts and behavior.
B. increases their intolerance of aggression in others.
C. actually promotes greater warmth in healthy parent–child relationships.
D. has little or no effect on their behavior.
9. Karina has just been placed in a low-ability reading group. What is a probable outcome of this
placement?
A. Karina will view herself as more intelligent than others in the group.
B. Karina will exhibit a drop in academic self-esteem.
C. Karina will exhibit an increase in academic motivation.
D. Karina’s reading achievement will quickly improve, which will increase her self-esteem.
10. Societal order responsibilities that were once a function of the family are now assumed by _______ institutions.
A. exploitative corporate
B. industrial
C. agricultural
D. political and legal
11. _______ grants children the confidence, social-cognition understandings, and social skills they need to enter the world and form gratifying peer relationships.
A. Emotional support
B. A secure attachment bond
C. Authoritarian parenting
D. Coregulation
12. Which of the following statements is true regarding children in one-child families?
A. They tend to be less well-accepted in their peer group, because they haven’t had opportunities to learn effective conflict resolution strategies.
B. They tend to experience high levels of anxiety due to extreme parental pressures to succeed.
C. They tend to have low self-esteem and perform poorly in school.
D. They tend to be spoiled and self-centered.
13. Among preschoolers, younger children’s play is
A. often immature and functional, particularly for boys.
B. often characterized by competition and object assertion.
C. more cognitively and socially mature in mixed-age classrooms than in single-age classrooms.
D. more cognitively and socially mature in single-age classrooms than in mixed-aged classrooms.
14. Don and Flo have a tense, hostile marriage. They are likely to deal with their children
A. by seeking outside assistance from a mental health agency.
B. by ignoring positive behaviors and blaming negative behaviors on the other parent.
C. with general indifference, regardless of their children’s behavior.
D. with criticism, anger, and punishment.

15. Parents with _______ are more likely to engage in practices that heighten television viewing, including eating family meals in front of the set and failing to limit children’s television access. A. limited education B. authoritative child-rearing styles C. higher incomes D. more than one child

16. Seven-year-old Tim is allowed to eat meals and go to bed whenever he wants, he doesn’t participate in any household chores, and he makes most of his own decisions. We can anticipate that as an adolescent, Tim will most likely A. show high levels of self-efficacy in school. B. be independent and responsible, as he was forced to mature at an early age. C. be impulsive, disobedient, and rebellious. D. be highly competitive in both academics and sports activities.

17. Compared with other closely related species, human children A. are more independent. B. develop less-complex language centers. C. are more attached to their families. D. develop slowly.

18. Although _______ declines with age, it is still the most frequent form among 3- to 4-year-olds. A. associative play B. parallel play C. nonsocial activity D. cooperative play

19. Which of the following is a true statement about adopted children and adolescents? A. They tend to have more learning and emotional difficulties than other children. B. They often have higher IQs than other children. C. They rarely develop a secure attachment to any adult. D. They are no more likely than biological children to have learning or emotional difficulties.

20. Five-year-old Fabiano is allowed to stay up late watching television, has poor manners, and is overly demanding with his parents. Fabiano displays characteristics of a child raised by _______ parents. A. authoritative B. uninvolved C. authoritarian D. permissive

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